- Clogged pores: Oil causes dead skin cells to stick together and clog pores (resulting in blackheads and whiteheads).
- Bacteria: As bacteria moves into clogged pores, it results in inflammation and the red, pus-filled pimples associated with acne.
Not surprisingly, then, acne treatments target each of these three factors:
- Decrease oil production: Salicylic acid – which I’ll discuss more in a future entry – is a great option for decreasing surface oil in people with acne. (Dry skin types can also develop acne and benefit a great deal from consulting a dermatologist, as many acne treatments and products are designed for oily types.)
- Unclog pores: Salicylic acid is also a non-abrasive exfoliant that sloughs off dead skin cells before they can clog pores. (Harsh scrubs, on the other hand, will not help clear skin and can actually worsen inflammation.) Oil-free makeup is also a good option for keeping pores clear.
- Kill bacteria: Your dermatologist can recommend topical or oral antibiotics to treat acne without irritating your skin, a particularly beneficial option for people with dry or very sensitive skin.
Finally, acne subtypes should be careful to avoid anything that exacerbates inflammation, particularly heat. Contrary to popular belief, steaming or applying a hot washcloth to a pimple will only worsen it. Sun exposure also aggravates acne, so ignore those skin care myths that suggest otherwise!